Bronze Stars were awarded to well known veterans such as news personality Andy Rooney, Senator John McCain and writer and columnist James Brady. The Navy & Marine Corps Achievement Medal may also be awarded to members of the armed forces of a friendly foreign nation consistent with the eligibility requirements specified in chapter 6. The decoration could be awarded to any military who, serving within or together with the army of the United States after 6th December 1941, decorating himself by heoric or meritorious deeds as military, not participating in air operations, during military operations against an armed enemy or during an armed conflict in which the United States was not participating as a beligirent. The Combat Distinguishing Device may be authorized. What Is the Bronze Star? Bronze Star Meaning: 7 Things To Know About This Military Medal. Looking for reliable information or news facts about WW2? Devices: Bronze Letter. Distinguished Service Cross (Army) Service Cross Medal. WEIGHTED AIRMAN PROMOTED SYSTEM POINT VALUE: 5, An official website of the United States government, WEIGHTED AIRMAN PROMOTED SYSTEM POINT VALUE, Hosted by Defense Media Activity - WEB.mil. Colonel Russell Potter Reeder came up with the idea for the medal after an injury in Normandy, which medically retired him from the Army. (b) Be sustained so as to demonstrate a high state of development or, if for a specific achievement, be of such merit as to earn singular recognition for the act(s); and (example: injuries resulting from parachuting from a plane brought down by enemy or hostile fire.) During his military career, DeSantis was awarded a bronze star medal for meritorious service, October 2007 to April 2008. The Bronze Star is the 4th highest award given to a service member that performed a heroic or meritorious deed. (2) Leadership Achievement which merits the award must : (1) while engaged in an action against an enemy of the United States; Wear of a V device on the medal is authorized for acts of valor in combat. It is the ninth-highest award by order of precedence in the US Military. For other acknowledgments, star devices can be mounted on a ribbon bar or the medal ribbon itself. Related Article 12 Most Famous US Marines. Download the TracesOfWar app directly on, Australia (1901-present, Federal Monarchy), Belgium (1830-present, Constitutional Monarchy), Canada (1931-present, Constitutional Monarchy), Soviet Union (1922-1991, People's Republic), Allsopp, Henry Richard, 5th Baron Hindlip, FOSTER, C.F. The Bronze Star was awarded in the following conflicts: Only one in 40 recipients qualify for the Bronze Star with the V device. Combat Military Awards Ranked Higher Than The Bronze Star, Army Commendation Medal (ARCOM): 8 Things To Know, Army Achievement Medal (AAM): 6 Things To Know, LL-37 Peptide Review: Benefits, Side Effects, Dose, & More, Be performed on or after December 7, 1941, serving with the U.S. military, Distinguish the person apart from their comrades through brave and/or praiseworthy achievement or service, Be performed while fighting an enemy of the U.S. or while in conflict with an opposing/foreign force, Be performed serving alongside friendly forces engaged in combat against an opposing military, Can be for single act of valor or meritorious service, Acts that are meritorious and/or heroic during aerial flight are disqualified from the Bronze Star. It is awarded to individuals who, while serving in the United States Armed Forces in a combat theater, distinguish themselves by heroism, outstanding achievement or by meritorious service not involving aerial flight. To receive a Bronze Star, a commander must recommend the service member to receive the medal with a citation in their orders. Since the award criteria state that the Bronze Star Medal may be awarded to "any person while serving in any capacity in or with" the US Armed Forces, awards to members of foreign armed services serving with the United States are permitted. The high standards demanded must be borne in mind when recommending the award. The Bronze Star Medal with the "V" device to denote heroism is the fourth highest military decoration for valor. Find recipients of the Purple Heart, Medal of Honor, and other military medals in our database of U.S. conflicts, including WW2, Vietnam, and the Gulf War. Oak leaf cluster In theArmyandAir Force. The Bronze Star is a military award that indicates a U.S. service member has performed heroically and/or meritoriously. [21], This is not the first time that the USAF has been criticized for offering this award. To any foreign soldier that fought in close coperation with the United States Army, the decoration could also be awarded. This decoration authorized by Executive Order No. When the medal is awarded by the Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard for acts of valor or meritorious service in combat, theCombat Vis authorized for wear on the medal. BRONZE STAR RECIPIENTS Authorized on February 4, 1944, the Bronze Star Medal is awarded to members of all branches of military service. Alexx Pons. The Bronze Star Medal was designed by Rudolf Freund of Bailey, Banks, and Biddle. Colonel Reeder initially called his idea the Ground Medal, and his proposal quickly moved up the channels until it reached President Franklin D. Roosevelts desk in February 1944 and was signed into order as the Bronze Star Medal. For unknown reasons the institution did not occur. (2) In action with an opposing armed force of a foreign country in which the Armed Forces of the United States are or have been engaged. To learn more about our products, explore our website or call us at 1-800-308-0849. (8) As the result of maltreatment inflicted by their captors while a prisoner of war. Reeder pointed to the creation of the Air Medal as proof that a boots on the ground version was needed. The back bears the inscription "HEROIC OR MERITIOUS ACHIEVEMENT" and a space to ingrave the recipients name. Your email address will not be published. They may also denote additional achievements. [19] The idea eventually rose through the military bureaucracy and gained supporters. William "Billy" Waugh (born December 1, 1929), is a former United States Army Special Forces soldier and Central Intelligence Agency paramilitary operations officer who served more than 50 years. Established on February 4, 1944, the Bronze Star Medal (more commonly known simply as the Bronze Star) honors members of any branch of the United States Armed Forces who demonstrate exceptional or heroic achievement so as to set themselves apart from their peers, though to a lesser degree that what would warrant a Silver Star or the Legion of A list of awards Marines can potentially earn through combat service. Here are other criteria for actions that determine how a Bronze Star is earned: A Bronze Star with a V denote valor or bravery during combat actions against an enemy force. A civilian photographer named Joe Galloway received the medal during the Vietnam War for rescuing a wounded soldier in 1965. (2) while engaged in military operation involving conflict with an opposing foreign force; or In the center is a316inch (4.8mm) diameter superimposed bronze star, the center line of all rays of both stars coinciding. The Air Medal had been adopted two years earlier to raise airmen's morale. In the middle there can be found another bronze star with a diametre of 3/16 inch (4,8 mm). The Bronze Star is the 5th highest combat decoration in the US Armed Forces. Officers from the otherUniformed Services of the United Statesare eligible to receive this award, as are foreign soldiers who have served with or alongside a service branch of the United States Armed Forces. -In a designated combat zone In 1947, the medal also retroactively replaced the Combat Medical Badge and Combat Infantryman Badge for World War II. (3) while serving with friendly foreign forces in an armed conflict against an opposing armed force in which the United States is not a belligerent party. An accumulation of minor acts of heroism normally does not justify the award, but unusual or exceptional cases will be decided on their merits. Inscribed on the back of the award is Heroic or Meritorious Achievement with space available for engraving the name of the recipient. Only one "V" was permitted to be worn on the ribbon. To merit this award, the acts or services must be accomplished or performed in a manner above that normally expected and sufficient to distinguish the individual above those performing similar services, as set forth in the following: (1) For Acts of Heroism. A soldier can be awarded a personal decoration by the united states goverment for various actions that they have completed. Information from your device can be used to personalize your ad experience. STIWOT, 1999-2023. The Bronze Star and Silver Star medals were designed by Rudolf Freund of Bailey, Banks and Biddlea Philadelphia jewelry firm. The award may be issued with the bronze V device for valor, oak leaf clusters (Army/Air Force), or stars (Navy/Marine Corps/Coast Guard). -During military engagement with a hostile force It may be awarded for acts of heroism, acts of merit, or meritorious service in a combat zone. (2) For Meritorious . The small star is set on a raised 10-pointed figure, from which rays extend to the points of the outer star, giving the whole a sculptured effect. "The Bronze Star Medal is awarded to any person who, while serving in any capacity in or with the Army of the United States after 6 December 1941, distinguished himself or herself by heroic or meritorious achievement or service, not involving participation in aerial flight, in connection with military operations against an armed enemy; or while sgts. Meritorious or heroic acts during aerial flight are disqualified from this award. The star hangs from its ribbon by a rectangular metal loop with rounded corners. Or are you interested in war medals and their recipients? Notify me of follow-up comments by email. History buffs will love this list of prominent Bronze Star Medal winners, which includes almost every Bronze Star Medal recipient since the award's inception, with photos. The ribbon is red and is bisected by a thin vertical dark blue stripe flanked by a thinner white stripe on either side. In 1947, the Bronze Star retroactively replaced the Combat Medical Badge and the Combat Infantryman Badge during World War II. The criteria, however, should not be the period of service involved, but rather the circumstances and conditions under which the service was performed. This award may be presented to members of the Army, Navy, Air Force, Space Force, Marine Corps, and Coast guard. Medals of America also offers military medals mounted for wear as well as a full line of military ribbons. The Bronze Star Medal, or BSM, dates back to World War II. Category:Recipients of the Bronze Star Medal (United States) From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository English: Recipients of the Bronze Star Medal Contents: 0-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Donald G Kelly Subcategories This category has the following 200 subcategories, out of 1,427 total. In 1947 the possibilities for awarding were enlarged. Advertising Notice: Veteran.com and Three Creeks Media, its parent and affiliate companies, may receive compensation through advertising placements on Veteran.com; For any rankings or lists on this site, Veteran.com may receive compensation from the companies being ranked and this compensation may affect how, where and in what order products and companies appear in the rankings and lists. Awarded to members of the Navy and Marine Corps, including members of Reserve components on active or inactive duty, of the grade of lieutenant commander/major and junior thereto, for service performed on or after 1 May 1961. The Bronze Star, also known as the Bronze Star Medal or BSM for short, is a military medal awarded for heroic achievement, heroic service, meritorious achievement, or meritorious service in a combat zone. The medal is awarded in three categories: valor, merit and achievement. Thus, a number of Allied soldiers received the Bronze Star Medal in World War II, as well as UN soldiers in the Korean War, Vietnamese and allied forces in the Vietnam War, and coalition forces in recent military operations such as the Persian Gulf War, War in Afghanistan, and the Iraq War. All radials in the centre of both stars continue in one each other. Today, it is the fourth-highest ranking award a service member can receive for a heroic and meritorious deed performed in an armed conflict. (5) As the result of an act of any hostile foreign force. President Roosevelt authorized the Bronze Star Medal by Executive Order 9419 dated 4 February 1944, retroactive to 7 December 1941. Military who had received the Purple Heart during the early days of the Second World War specifically for merit and not for wounds could in some occasions also exchange the Purple Heart for the Bronze Star. The Bronze Star has been awarded to thousands of recipients for valor and achievement. In its center is a smaller raised star. What Does the Bronze Star on a Ribbon Mean? The suspension ribbon is 1+38 inches (35mm) wide and consists of the following stripes: 132 inch (0.79mm) white 67101; 916 inch (14mm) scarlet 67111; 132 inch (0.79mm) white; center stripe 18 inch (3.2mm) ultramarine blue 67118; 132 inch (0.79mm) white; 916 inch (14mm) scarlet; and 132 inch (0.79mm) white.[15]. This V device defines BSM recipients who qualify for the Bronze Star but whose actions might not be eligible for the Silver Star Medal. It is earned for extraordinary action and service performed in an armed conflict. Service members have received the award during such conflicts as World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam War, and Operation Iraqi Freedom. DEFENSE SUPERIOR SERVICE MEDAL. Awardees of the Bronze Star Medal are listed here alphabetically by first name. They must have served on Luzon, Bataan, or Corregidor at any point within that five-month period in order to qualify. The acts of merit or acts of valor must be less than that required for the Legion of Merit but must nevertheless have been meritorious and accomplished with distinction. As a result of a study conducted in 1947, a policy was implemented that authorized the retroactive award of the Bronze Star Medal (without the "V" device) to all soldiers who had received the Combat Infantryman Badge or the Combat Medical Badge during World War II. The content offered on Veteran.com is for general informational purposes only and may not be relevant to any consumers specific situation, this content should not be construed as legal or financial advice. The Bronze Star Medal, often called the Bronze Star colloquially, is a United States military decoration awarded to members of the United States Armed Forces for either heroic achievement, heroic service, meritorious achievement, or meritorious service in a combat zone. To justify this decoration, accomplishment or performance of duty above that normally expected, and sufficient to distinguish the individual among those performing comparable duties is required, although less than the requirements for the Silver Star or Legion of Merit. At this time there was a debate over whether the Air Force was too liberal in its policies for reviewing BSM submissions. As a reminder, the use of the "V" device on the Air Force Outstanding Unit Award and the Air Force Organizational Excellence Award is only authorized for the period of Jan. 11, 1996 to Jan. 1, 2014. COAST GUARD MEDAL. [5][6], Civilians serving with U.S. military forces in combat are also eligible for the award. www.identifymedals.com Identify Medals All rights reserved - 2022, The NASA Exceptional Technology Achievement Medal, The NASA Outstanding Public Leadership Medal, The New York City Police Department Combat Cross, The Global War on Terrorism Expeditionary Medal, The NASA Exceptional Public Service Medal, The Inter Allied Victory Medal (United States). 10 Veterans Benefits You May Not Know About, Medal of Honor: Benefits, History and Facts, Veterans Employment and Training Service (VETS), Security Clearance Jobs After the Military, Unemployment Compensation for Ex-servicemembers (UCX), Military Spouse Career Advancement (MyCAA) Scholarship Program, Monthly Housing Allowance (MHA) for the GI Bill, 2023 Retired Military and Annuitant Pay Dates, 2023 Reserve and National Guard Drill Pay, Secretary of Homeland Security (Coast Guard), Military commanders or other officers the Secretary may designate, While engaged in an action against an enemy of the United States or, While engaged in military operations involving conflict with an opposing foreign force or, While serving with friendly foreign forces engaged in an armed conflict against an opposing armed force in which the United States is not a belligerent party, Leonard F. Chapman Jr. (24th Commandant of the Marine Corps), Joseph S. Clark Jr. (Mayor of Philadelphia), Erastus Corning 2nd (Mayor of Albany, New York), Robert E. Cushman Jr.(25th Commandant of the Marine Corps), Maurice R. Greenberg (CEO of American International Group (AIG)), Colin Powell (65th US Secretary of State), Elliot Richardson (11th US Secretary of Defense), Rod Serling (Writer and creator of The Twilight Zone), Raymond P. Shafer (Governor of Pennsylvania). The Bronze Star Medal Design. Even civilians can earn the badge if they act like a service member and fight the enemy or save a wounded soldier. The star hangs from its ribbon by a rectangular metal loop with rounded corners. recognizes service members who show acts of heroism in the field, or who are meritorious in their work. The performance should be well above that usually expected of an individual commensurate with his grade or rate, and above that degree of excellence which can be appropriately reflected in the individuals fitness report or personnel records. Military Medals to Know Bronze Star. When it is awarded for acts of heroism, the medal is awarded with the "V" device attached. (9) After 28 March 1973, as a result of international terrorist attack against the U.S. or a foreign nation friendly to the U.S. These devices can be worn on a ribbon bar or the ribbon of the medal itself. Worthy of special recognition, but not to the degree required for the Bronze Star Medal when combat is involved or the Navy and Marine Corps Medal when combat is not involved. Service members earn a Bronze Star medal through a heroic act(s) in the field or through meritorious work. of Veterans Affairs , the Dept. (NOTE: The establishment of the Gallant Unit Citation and Meritorious Unit Award warranted the discontinuance of the "V" device being authorized for approved USAF unit awards). [16][17] The following ribbon devices must be specifically authorized in the award citation in order to be worn on the Bronze Star Medal, the criteria for and wear of the devices vary between the services: Colonel Russell P. "Red" Reeder conceived the idea of the Bronze Star Medal in 1943; he believed it would aid morale if captains of companies or of batteries could award a medal to deserving people serving under them. The reverse of the medal also has a raised center, with rays extending to the five points of the star. Army personnel who, as members of the armed forces of the United States between Dec. 7, 1941, and Sept. 2, 1945, were awarded the Combat Infantryman's Badge or Medical Badge for exemplary conduct may upon application receive the Bronze Star Medal. The Bronze Star can also be obtained by veterans or next of kinn. The "V" device on the Air Force Outstanding Unit Award and the Air Force Organizational Excellence Award is only authorized for the period of Nov. 15 . ColonelRussell P. Red Reederconceived the idea of the Bronze Star Medal in 1943; he believed it would aid morale if captains of companies or of batteries could award a medal to deserving people serving under them. There must be no margin of doubt or possibility of error in awarding this honor. This medal was developed and instituted during World War II, and it has been awarded to thousands of recipients since for serving their country. of Defense or any governmental entity. The conditions of the award include a requirement that the meritorious acts or service happen: The requirements to earn a BSM are lower than those require to earn the Silver Star. To qualify, service members must perform these acts during an armed conflict against an enemy of the United States. [22][23] In the end, there was a Pentagon review and decision by Congress in 2001 to stop the awarding of Bronze Stars to personnel outside the combat zone. These achievements must take place according to the following criteria: -Not during aerial flight The Bronze Star Medal was officially instituted by Executive Order 9419 on February 4th, 1944. Not to be confused with, United States Department of the Air Force, United States Department of Homeland Security, United States Army Forces in the Far East, "Army Regulation 600822: Military Awards", "SecNav Instruction 1650.1h: Navy And Marine Corps Awards Manual", "The Air Force Military Awards and Decorations Program", "Coast Guard Military Medals And Awards Manual", "PHS Officer Awarded Bronze Star for Year Long Deployment in Afghanistan", "Australian officer awarded US Bronze Star", "From the front lines of Ia Drang Valley: 'Killing, dying and suffering indelibly marked us all', National Archives and Records Administration, "Title 32, Volume 3, Section 578.16 Bronze Star Medal", "Army Regulation 600-8-22 Personnel-General Military Awards", "Title 32, Volume 3, Section 578.18 Meritorious Service Medal", "2013 UNHCR country operations profile Afghanistan", "Department of Defense Manual 1348.33 Volume 3", "Army Regulation 600-8-22, Military Awards", "Tech. The fact that the ground troops, Infantry in particular, lead miserable lives of extreme discomfort and are the ones who must close in personal combat with the enemy, makes the maintenance of their morale of great importance. Although these World War II badges were not authorized for award until after July 1, 1943, those whose meritorious achievements in combat before that date can be confirmed in writing may also be eligible for the Bronze Star Medal. It can also be awarded for those who perform their duties in a meritorious manner in a combat zone, even if they do not directly participate in combat action. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. (7) As the indirect result of enemy action. Enter your email for updates and we'll send them straight to your inbox! It is awarded for acts of heroism or merit under combat, and can be awarded to members of any of the Armed Forces of the United States of America. Combat Distinguishing Device. In addition to establishing the Bronze Star as a military award, the order became a retroactive precedent for service members dating back to the attack on Pearl Harbor. Outstanding and worthy of special recognition, but not to the degree required for the Bronze Star Medal or Air Medal when combat is involved or the Meritorious Service Medal or Air Medal when combat is not involved. From that moment on the medal could also be awarded to any member of the United States Army that were mentioned in orders after December 6th, 1941 or who had received a certificate for exceptional service in goundbattle against an armed enemy between December 7th, 1941 and September 2nd, 1945 or whos merit could be proven by documents dated before July 1st, 1947. During World War II, the Army awarded the Combat Infantryman Badge and Combat Medical Badge to soldiers for exemplary conduct in sustained action against the armed enemy. Copyright 2023 Medals of America. For those who receive the BSM, it is a signal of their sacrifice, bravery and honor while serving their country. It may also be presented to members of foreign militaries and even civilians. In unique cases, civilians serving with the U.S. Armed Forces in combat are also eligible for the award. The Department of Defense investigated the award of the Bronze Star Medal (BSM) by the USAF to some 246 individuals after operations in Kosovo in 1999. [9], The Bronze Star Medal was established by Executive Order 9419, 4 February 1944 (superseded by Executive Order 11046, 24 August 1962, as amended by Executive Order 13286, 28 February 2003). They include: Joe Wallace is a 13-year veteran of the United States Air Force and a former reporter for Air Force Television News. In the center is a 316 inch (4.8mm) diameter superimposed bronze star, the center line of all rays of both stars coinciding. Departments of Defense or Veterans Affairs. (3) while serving with friendly foreign forces engaged in an armed conflict against an opposing armed forces in which the United States is not a belligerent party. The acts of heroism are of a lesser degree than required for the award of the Silver Star. In the middel can be fond an ultramarine blue band measuring 1/8 inch (3 mm) flanked by two 1/32 inch (1 mm) lines. COAST GUARD DISTINGUISHED SERVICE MEDAL. Bronze Stars are sometimes awarded with a V device, which means that the meritorious or heroic acts were performed during actual combat. A service member wearing multiple service stars was likely engaged in multiple operation campaigns or served a specific amount of time for each star. Each white stripe measures inches, each scarlet stripe measures inches, and the center blue stripe measures inches. Like the colors of the American flag, the colors of the. This authorization was announced in War Department Bulletin No. [20] This prompted the Air Force to take down stories of the two posted to the internet, and to clarify its criteria for awarding medals. The reverse bears the inscription "HEROIC OR MERITORIOUS ACHIEVEMENT" with a space for the name of the recipient to be engraved. The content on Veteran.com is produced by Three Creeks Media, its partners, affiliates and contractors, any opinions or statements on Veteran.com should not be attributed to the Dept. Vietnam War: 719,969 recipients: 549,343 for achievement and service and 170,626 for valor, Operation Iraqi Freedom: 102,345 recipients: 99,886 for achievement and service and 2,459 for valor, qualify for the Bronze Star with the V device, The Differences Between a Military Decoration and a Military Medal, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pubH-5CulqI, Military Funeral Guide for Families & Funeral Homes, The Ultimate Military Gift Guide for Unique Military Gifts, Black Military History and Black Medal of Honor Recipients. Second Haitian Campaign Medal Marine Corps. Meritorious or heroic acts during aerial flight are disqualified from this award. The medal, designed by the firm of Bailey, Banks and Biddle, is in the shape of a five-pointed star 1 1/2 inches from point to point. Established through an executive order, the Bronze Star was designed in 1943 by Colonel Russell Reeder. Click here to purchase attachments for your Bronze Star Medal, 114 SOUTHCHASE BLVD. Defense Distinguished Service Medal. These service stars are sometimes referred to as campaign, battle, or engagement stars. take heat after receiving medals", "Air Force officials clarify Bronze Star approval process", "Air Force to award 61 more Bronze Stars", "Bronze Star Shines Again As Combat Award", "Charles Mergendahl Dies, Bay Street TV Editor, Author", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bronze_Star_Medal&oldid=1137686779, "Heroic or meritorious achievement or service", 4 February 1944 (retroactive through 7 December 1941). Although a service member may be cited for heroism in combat and be awarded more than one Bronze Star authorizing the "V" device, only one "V" may be worn on each suspension and service ribbon of the medal. dating back to the start of Americas participation in World War II at the attack on Pearl Harbor. Amazon.com: Bronze Star Medal 1-48 of 759 results for "bronze star medal" RESULTS Price and other details may vary based on product size and color. Any opinions are those of the author alone, and not those of an advertiser to the site nor of Veteran.com. This "V" was introduced in 1945. DEFENSE DISTINGUISHED SERVICE MEDAL. When the medal is awarded by the Navy, Marine Corps, or Coast Guard for acts of valor or meritorious service in combat, the Combat "V" is authorized for wear on the medal. The Bronze Star Medal is the fourth-highest individual military award. This decoration authorized by Executive Order No. Author Ernest Hemingway also received the award in 1947 as a writer who worked closely with troops from Normandy to the Battle of the Bulge. Worthy of special recognition, but not to the degree required for the Bronze Star Medal when combat is involved or the Navy and Marine Corps Medal when combat is not involved. The Bronze Star is a 1-inch diameter star made of bronze and it hangs from a red ribbon with a vertical blue stripe surrounded by thin vertical white stripes. No tables, rankings or lists are fully comprehensive and do not include all companies or available products. The decoration measures 1,5 inch (38 mm) over all. JavaScript seems to be disabled in your browser. The United States goverment for various actions that they have completed the centre of both stars continue one... Measures inches, each scarlet stripe measures inches lists are fully comprehensive and not... Time there was a debate over whether the Air Force was too liberal in policies! Are fully comprehensive and do not include all companies or available products the American,! Or meritorious deed World War II they must have served on Luzon Bataan! Send them straight to your inbox those of an act of any hostile foreign Force Galloway received the Medal the... Each other civilians serving with U.S. military Forces in combat are also eligible for the award of the wounded in! On either side their recipients the Star hangs from its ribbon by a thin vertical dark blue measures! 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